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Rapid-response digital elevation models of the summit eruptions at Kilauea Volcano, Island of Hawai'i in 2021

Published by U.S. Geological Survey | Department of the Interior | Metadata Last Checked: July 16, 2025 | Last Modified: 20230331
We depict changing eruptive features within the summit caldera of Kilauea volcano, Island of Hawai'i with rapid-response digital elevation models (DEMs) acquired since a series of caldera-filling effusive eruptions began on December 20, 2020. These eruptions follow the caldera collapse of 2018, with new lava progressively filling the approximately 1-cubic-kilometer pit that formed between May and August of that year. The majority of the provided DEMs were constructed via structure-from-motion (SfM) photogrammetry from either helicopter or uncrewed aircraft system (UAS) overflight images, with the remainder constructed via terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) from the Halema'uma'u crater rim. These data were collected and processed using streamlined techniques to provide rapid-response representations of topography inside the caldera, with mid-grade process settings and approximate georeferencing.

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