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Orthomosaic imagery from the UAS survey of the debris flow at South Fork Campground, Sequoia National Park, CA

Published by U.S. Geological Survey | Department of the Interior | Metadata Last Checked: July 15, 2025 | Last Modified: 20241219
This portion of the data release presents a high-resolution orthomosaic image of the debris flow at South Fork Campground in Sequoia National Park. The orthomosaic has a resolution of 3 centimeters per pixel and was derived from structure-from-motion (SfM) photogrammetry using aerial imagery acquired during an uncrewed aerial systems (UAS) survey on 30 April 2024, conducted under authorization from the National Park Service. The raw imagery was acquired with a Ricoh GR II digital camera featuring a global shutter. The UAS was flown on pre-programmed autonomous flight lines spaced to provide approximately 70 percent overlap between images from adjacent lines, from an approximate altitude of 110 meters above ground level (AGL), resulting in a nominal ground-sample-distance (GSD) of 2.9 centimeters per pixel. The raw imagery was geotagged using positions from the UAS onboard single-frequency autonomous GPS. Survey control was established using temporary ground control points (GCPs) consisting of a combination of small square tarps with black-and-white cross patterns and temporary chalk marks placed on the ground. The GCP positions were measured using dual-frequency real-time kinematic (RTK) GPS with corrections referenced to a static base station operating nearby. The images and GCP positions were used for structure-from-motion (SfM) photogrammetric processing to create a topographic point cloud, a high-resolution orthomosaic image, and a Digital Surface Model (DSM). The orthomosaic image is provided in a cloud optimized GeoTIFF format with internal overviews and masks to facilitate cloud-based queries and display.

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