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Estimates of groundwater flux from vertical temperature profiles within lakebed sediments at Lake Ozette, WA, October 2018 to April 2019

Published by U.S. Geological Survey | Department of the Interior | Metadata Last Checked: July 16, 2025 | Last Modified: 20211116
This dataset includes all files used to model groundwater-surface water exchange in the nearshore of Lake Ozette, WA, located within Olympic National Park. Sediment temperature data was collected continuously from October 2018 to April 2019 at multiple depths using temperature rods that were installed in the lakebed in a portion of the nearshore on the eastern shoreline of Lake Ozette. Temperature data was collected at depths of 1, 4, 7, 11, and 50 cm, depending on the length of the temperature rod, using internally logging iButton temperature sensors (model DS1922L). This data was part of a project that studied the impact of removing nearshore vegetation on the quality of spawning habitat of native Lake Ozette sockeye. The study area consisted of 3 areas where estimates of groundwater-surface water exchange were made. A spawning control (SC) where sockeye currently return to spawn; a vegetation control (VC) where nearshore vegetation inhibits the amount of sockeye spawning; and a vegetation treatment (TR) area where nearshore vegetation was manually removed to assess if habitat quality can be improved. Specific discharge across the sediment-water interface was estimated using the 1DTempPro V2 model; a USGS graphical user interface that solves a 1-dimensional heat flux equation (VS2DH). The 1DTempPro V2 model is available at https://code.usgs.gov/water/espd/hgb/1dtemppro. The 1DTempPro V2 model was run at 8 different sites within the study area at steady state using 1-week subsets of the data throughout the deployment period. All available depths were used from each temperature rod for the modeling of specific discharge. Note: a negative specific discharge indicates upward flow (groundwater discharge) into the lake. This data release contains the formatted sediment temperature time series data for each site (input.zip), the files needed to run the model (source.zip), and a summary of the specific discharge results at each site (output.zip). Additional details are provided in the readme.txt file.

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