Data from: Impact of <i>Aedes aegypti</i> V1016I and F1534C knockdown resistance genotypes on operational interventions

<p dir="ltr">Resistance to pyrethroids is common in <i>Aedes aegypti</i> populations. Mutations in the voltage gated sodium channel have an influence on the insecticide resistance (IR) phenotype. In much of the Western hemisphere, two of these knockdown resistance (<i>kdr)</i> mutations, V1016I and F1534C, are widely found and result in six commonly found <i>kdr</i> genotype combinations in field populations. Strong pyrethroid IR and the failure of permethrin treated uniforms have been linked to the presence of the homozygous double <i>kdr</i> genotype (IICC) but the effects of these various <i>kdr</i> combinations have not been rigorously examined. To better understand the impacts of these mutations<i>, </i>we isolated three <i>kdr</i> haplotypes (VF, VC, & IC) from a field collected strain to produce six <i>Ae. aegypti </i>isoline strains with all common <i>kdr</i> genotypes. We then characterized the effects of these <i>kdr</i> genotypes by CDC bottle bioassay and topical application and found increasing resistance to permethrin and deltamethrin as the number of IC haplotypes increased. Neither enzymatic activity nor malathion IR increased as pyrethroid IR increased. Field and wind tunnel spray of a pyrethrin formulation showed that even moderate resistance could significantly reduce knockdown and mortality. Studies with a synergized pyrethroid formulation showed effective recovery of mortality against all genotypes except for the IICC. In human bite studies, one or two IC haplotypes compromised the efficacy of permethrin treated fabrics. This study demonstrates that <i>kdr</i> mutations have distinct phenotypic effects in both the laboratory and operational interventions, and that the strength of pyrethroid resistance is linked to the number of IC haplotypes present in the <i>kdr </i>gene. Assessing <i>kdr</i> genotype is therefore critical for understanding target-site-mediated IR in <i>Ae. aegypti</i>.</p>

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